Protective Effect of Vegan Microbiota on Liver Steatosis Is Conveyed by Dietary Fiber: Implications for Fecal Microbiota Transfer Therapy

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DASKOVA Nikola HECZKOVA Marier MODOS Istvan HRADECKY Jaromir HUDCOVIC Tomas KUZMA Marek PELANTOVA Helena BUSKOVA Irena STICOVA Eva FUNDA David GOLIAS Jaroslav DRABONOVA Barbora JARKOVSKA Jarmila KRÁLOVÁ Maria CIBULKOVA Ivana GOJDA Jan CAHOVÁ Monika

Rok publikování 2023
Druh Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj NUTRIENTS
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU

Ekonomicko-správní fakulta

Citace
www https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/2/454
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15020454
Klíčová slova fecal microbiota transfer; vegan microbiota; liver steatosis; inulin; proteolytic fermentation
Přiložené soubory
Popis Fecal microbiota transfer may serve as a therapeutic tool for treating obesity and related disorders but currently, there is no consensus regarding the optimal donor characteristics. We studied how microbiota from vegan donors, who exhibit a low incidence of non-communicable diseases, impact on metabolic effects of an obesogenic diet and the potential role of dietary inulin in mediating these effects. Ex-germ-free animals were colonized with human vegan microbiota and fed a standard or Western-type diet (WD) with or without inulin supplementation. Despite the colonization with vegan microbiota, WD induced excessive weight gain, impaired glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, and liver steatosis. However, supplementation with inulin reversed steatosis and improved glucose homeostasis. In contrast, inulin did not affect WD-induced metabolic changes in non-humanized conventional mice. In vegan microbiota-colonized mice, inulin supplementation resulted in a significant change in gut microbiota composition and its metabolic performance, inducing the shift from proteolytic towards saccharolytic fermentation (decrease of sulfur-containing compounds, increase of SCFA). We found that (i) vegan microbiota alone does not protect against adverse effects of WD; and (ii) supplementation with inulin reversed steatosis and normalized glucose metabolism. This phenomenon is associated with the shift in microbiota composition and accentuation of saccharolytic fermentation at the expense of proteolytic fermentation
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