Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in the atmosphere of three Chilean cities using passive air samplers

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Authors

POZO Karla Andrea OYOLA German ESTELLANO Victor H. HARNER Tom RUDOLPH Anny PŘIBYLOVÁ Petra KUKUČKA Petr AUDY Ondřej KLÁNOVÁ Jana METZDORFF America FOCARDI Silvano

Year of publication 2017
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Science of the Total Environment
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Web https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969716324937?via%3Dihub
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.054
Keywords Urban atmosphere; POPs; PBDEs; PAS-PUF
Description In this study passive air samplers containing polyurethane foam (PUF) disks were deployed in three cities across Chile; Santiago (STG) (n = 5, sampling sites), Concepcion (CON) (n = 6) and Temuco (TEM) (n = 6) from 2008 to 2009. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (7 indicator congeners), chlorinated pesticides hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethanes (DDTs) and flame retardants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were determined by gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A sampling rate (R) typical of urban sites (4 m(3)/day) was used to estimate the atmospheric concentrations of individual compounds. PCB concentrations in the air (pg/m(3)) ranged from similar to 1-10 (TEM), similar to 1-40 (STG) and 4-30 (CON). Higher molecular weight PCBs (PCB-153, 180) were detected at industrial sites (in Concepcion). The HCHs showed a prevalence of gamma-HCH across all sites, indicative of inputs from the use of liridane but a limited use of technical HCHs in Chile. DDTs were detected with a prevalence of p,p'-DDE accounting for similar to 50% of the total DDTs. PBDE concentrations in air (pg/m3) ranged from 1 to 55 (STG), 0.5 to 20 (CON) and from 0.4 to 10 (TEM), and were generally similar to those reported for many other urban areas globally. The pattern of PBDEs was different among the three cities; however, PBDE-209 was dominant at most of the sites. These results represent one of the few assessments of air concentrations of POPs across different urban areas within the same country. These data will support Chilean commitments as a signatory to the Stockholm Convention on POPs and for reporting as a member country of the Group of Latin America and Caribbean Countries (GRULAC) region.
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