Structure of Aichi Virus 1 and Its Empty Particle: Clues to Kobuvirus Genome Release Mechanism

Warning

This publication doesn't include Faculty of Economics and Administration. It includes Central European Institute of Technology. Official publication website can be found on muni.cz.
Authors

SABIN Charles David FÜZIK Tibor ŠKUBNÍK Karel PÁLKOVÁ Lenka LINDBERG A. Michael PLEVKA Pavel

Year of publication 2016
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
MU Faculty or unit

Central European Institute of Technology

Citation
Web http://jvi.asm.org/content/90/23/10800
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01601-16
Field Microbiology, virology
Keywords EM STRUCTURE DETERMINATION; HUMAN ENTEROVIRUS 71; 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; POLIOVIRUS; PICORNAVIRUS; RESOLUTION; RECEPTOR
Description Aichi virus 1 (AiV-1) is a human pathogen from the Kobuvirus genus of the Picornaviridae family. Worldwide, 80 to 95% of adults have antibodies against the virus. AiV-1 infections are associated with nausea, gastroenteritis, and fever. Unlike most picornaviruses, kobuvirus capsids are composed of only three types of subunits: VP0, VP1, and VP3. We present here the structure of the AiV-1 virion determined to a resolution of 2.1 angstrom using X-ray crystallography. The surface loop puff of VP0 and knob of VP3 in AiV-1 are shorter than those in other picornaviruses. Instead, the 42-residue BC loop of VP0 forms the most prominent surface feature of the AiV-1 virion. We determined the structure of AiV-1 empty particle to a resolution of 4.2 angstrom using cryo-electron microscopy. The empty capsids are expanded relative to the native virus. The N-terminal arms of capsid proteins VP0, which mediate contacts between the pentamers of capsid protein protomers in the native AiV-1 virion, are disordered in the empty capsid. Nevertheless, the empty particles are stable, at least in vitro, and do not contain pores that might serve as channels for genome release. Therefore, extensive and probably reversible local reorganization of AiV-1 capsid is required for its genome release. IMPORTANCE Aichi virus 1 (AiV-1) is a human pathogen that can cause diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. AiV-1 is identified in environmental screening studies with higher frequency and greater abundance than other human enteric viruses. Accordingly, 80 to 95% of adults worldwide have suffered from AiV-1 infections. We determined the structure of the AiV-1 virion. Based on the structure, we show that antiviral compounds that were developed against related enteroviruses are unlikely to be effective against AiV-1. The surface of the AiV-1 virion has a unique topology distinct from other related viruses from the Picornaviridae family. We also determined that AiV-1 capsids form compact shells even after genome release. Therefore, AiV-1 genome release requires large localized and probably reversible reorganization of the capsid.
Related projects:

You are running an old browser version. We recommend updating your browser to its latest version.