Monopol a konkurence na železnici
| Title in English | Monopoly and competition in the railway sector |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Year of publication | 2009 |
| Type | Article in Periodical |
| Magazine / Source | Scientia et Societas |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Web | http://www.sets.cz |
| Field | Economy |
| Keywords | monopoly; comepetiton; railway |
| Description | Railways expanded in the 19th century when they have been important determinant of economic growth and railways companies enjoyed dominant position on the transport market. This situation started to change in the first part of the 20th century. Railways started to lose its market position and formerly dynamic railway companies were transformed into monopolistic, inflexible and unprofitable undertakings with strong organizational and financial connections to the state. High losses and debts of railways companies have resulted in frequent reform attempts. The common feature of these reforms has been the effort to introduce competition in railways services providing. It is possible to distinguish two basic approaches to railways reform. The first approach is based on separation of infrastructure and services and open access enabling for other railways operators. The second approach is promoting deregulation, demonopolization and privatization of the entire industry but keeping integration of infrastructure and services. The aim of this article is to assess possibilities and limits of different reform options. |
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